Because of the special geometry of the bellows, the bellows can produce large deformation under the action of axial force, lateral force and bending moment. Compared with smooth smooth smooth tube, it has not only sufficient strength, but also greater flexibility and high fatigue resistance under cyclic stress. The application of bellows in engineering technology only needs the following points:

First, as an elastic element, it is mainly used for sensitive elements, compensation elements, connectors and seals of various measurement, regulation and control instruments. This kind of bellows is generally small in size, good in linearity and high in accuracy, and is mostly obtained by electrodeposition. As bellows for elastic elements, the manufacturing method, accuracy control and testing requirements are uniform and different from those for expansion joints. Please refer to relevant monographs.

Secondly, as a metal hose, the metal hose is composed of corrugated pipe, mesh sleeve and joint. Corrugated pipe is the main body of metal hose and plays a flexible role. Metal hoses can be used to meet the requirements of the displacement of the working end of the pipeline in all directions, such as plastic hot air, steam transmission hoses on the upper and lower sliding platforms of printing and dyeing dryers, infusion pipes for railway tanker loading and unloading, and oil transmission pipes for ships. In addition, the metal hose in the pipeline can also compensate for the position deviation in the pipeline and absorb the vibration of the pipeline system. Corrugated pipe for metal hose, with a general diameter of Φ 10~ Φ 400mm。

The third is the bellows used for the flexible section expansion joint, which is mainly used to compensate the axial, lateral and angular displacement of the pipeline or equipment due to temperature difference or temperature fluctuation. At the same time, it can also absorb the vibration of the inlet and outlet pipes of high-frequency machines.